The foundation seeks to prevent nuclear war, which requires stopping the spread of nuclear weapons and fostering instead their elimination. These large objectives require significant changes in the outlook, will and policies of the five recognized nuclear weapon states-the United States, Russia, the United Kingdom, France and China. Similarly, effecting these goals requires self-restraint in India, Pakistan and Israel, and concerted efforts to keep countries like North Korea, Iran, Iraq and perhaps others from wanting or managing to acquire nuclear weapons. These enormous tasks will not be accomplished without visionary and dedicated leaderships in key governments. Foundations and nongovernmental organizations cannot create such leaders, but they can develop the analyses, and feasibility studies and public receptivity necessary to encourage leaders to take up this enormously important issue. This is the aim of the grants represented here.